资本主义、全球化与民主内卷化——以特朗普当选为中心

Capitalism,Globalization,and Involution of Democracy:Based on the Trump's Election

内卷化是一种普遍现象,它同样存在于政治领域。民主也会内卷化,即边际收益递减。特朗普利用民粹主义的社会情绪当选美国总统,就是民主内卷化的一个表征。这一事件颠覆了人们几百年来有关社会发展大趋势的历史观,其重大意义远未被充分揭示。资本主义经济规律已然昭示,社会阶层之间的贫富悬殊只会越来越大;与此同时,全球化又加剧着贫富悬殊,而这正是民粹主义赖以产生的温床。民主与资本主义的内在结构性紧张关系,决定了特朗普无力满足民粹主义的要求,更不可能从根本上解决民主的内卷化问题。

Involution is a common phenomenon,which is also found in politics.Democracy is showing the characteristics of involution,namely,diminishing marginal returns.Trump was elected president of the United States by the social mood of populism,which indicate the process of the democracy involution.Trump's election upends the conventional historical view of the development trend of history and its significance has not yet been revealed.The laws of capitalist economy reveals that the gulf between the rich and the poor is continuing to widen,meanwhile,globalization is exacerbating the disparity between the rich and the poor,that's exactly why populism is rising.The structural contradictions between democracy and capitalism determines Trump is unable to meet the requirements of populism,and it also makes the fundamentally solving the problem of democracy involution even more unlikely.