儿童青少年足生长发育规律及分型的研究进展

Foot growth and foot types in children and adolescents: a narrative review

在鞋的设计中,定性和定量的脚型数据分析对于鞋的舒适性和功能性设计是必不可少的。已有的大量研究均建议,鞋型和脚型应该相契合,才可以获得更好的穿着舒适度,因此研究不同人群脚型特征已经成为一个具有重要现实意义的研究课题。而对于儿童青少年而言,由于受到生长发育较快的特点影响,脚型变化较大,更易受到外界因素的影响。因此,研究儿童青少年脚型生长发育特征对设计穿着舒适、合脚的鞋,减少儿童青少年成长过程中足病的发生具有重要意义。本文梳理了国内外有关脚型的研究,旨在总结儿童青少年足生长发育规律和脚型分型方法,为中国儿童青少年脚型生长发育规律相关研究提供意见,同时为制鞋厂提供分类制鞋的建议。

Foot shape and size are important for footwear design and production. Information about important foot characteristics helps not only to improve shoe comfort but to maintain the proper physiological development of the feet. What＇s more, plenty of studies have suggested that the shape of the shoe must closely resemble the shape of the foot to create a properly fitted shoe. This means that the differences between various populations should be considered and that footwear should be designed according to the measurements of users. Childhood and adolescent are important periods of human growth. During these periods, foot shape changes with human growth and can be influenced by extrinsic factors. Therefore, the foot shape characteristics of children and adolescents should be investigated. The results from these investigations can contribute to developing appropriate shoe for children and adolescents, improving perceived comfort of children shoes and preventing pedopathy among children and adolescents. This review aims to discuss measuring methods of foot shape, types of foot shape, and factors influencing foot shape. The results of the review can provide recommendations for investigating growth development of foot shape and useful information for consumers and shoe manufacturers.