丘陵区农村居民点时空格局演变及其整治分析——以重庆市北碚区为例

Spatial-Temporal Evolution Pattern of Rural Settlements in Hilly Regions and Their land Consolidation——A Case Study of Beibei District,Chongqing Municipality

以北碚区2009年和2014年的土地利用变更数据为基础数据,利用GIS技术、景观格局分析、Voronoi图Cv值,对丘陵区农村居民点布局的影响因子及时空变化特征进行分析;并通过确定农村居民点的区位适宜性,将其划分为不同的整治类型.结果表明:6年来北碚区农村居民点斑块数量及占地面积呈下降趋势,斑块破碎化加剧,土地整治有较大需求;农村居民点的分布有向地势平坦,道路、水源便利,以及靠近中心城区的地区聚集的趋势,且环境因子在不同地形位地区对居民点布局的影响程度不同.地形位指数在3以下,距道路800 m以内,距水源1 000m以内,距中心城区2 500m以内对农村居民点分布影响较大;根据北碚区实际情况,提出包入式发展型、集聚式发展型、控制式发展型和迁弃式发展型4种整治模式.

The database of land use change of Beibei district of Chongqing municipality from 2009 and 2014 was adopted as the basic data,and GIS technology,landscape pattern analysis and Cv value of the Voronoi diagram were used to analyze the factors influencing the distribution pattern of rural settlements in hilly regions and to study their temporal and spatial variation features.Then the location appropriateness of the settlements was determined and four different consolidation modes were proposed.The results showed that in the six years the number of plaques decreased and plaque fragmentation was intensified,and there was a considerably great demand for land consolidation.The distribution of rural settlements tended to move closer to the areas of a flat terrain,with convenient roads and water supply and closer to the central urban area.At the same time,the influence of environmental factors on the distribution patterns of the settlements was different in areas with different terrain niches.A terrain niche index of 3 or less had relatively great impact on the distribution of rural settlements within 800 meters to the highway,1 000 meters to the water source and 2 500 meters to the central urban area.According to the actual situation of Beibei district,four consolidation modes were proposed,i.e.the development package mode,the cluster development mode,the controlled development model and the resettlement development mode.