光腔中的超冷原子气体

Ultracold atomic gases in optical cavities

近年来,光腔和冷原子气体的耦合系统受到了越来越多的关注。本文简要综述了近年来该领域在理论和实验方面的一些进展,重点关注其中的超辐射相变,并围绕光腔–原子耦合这一特征,分别介绍了超冷玻色气体和费米气体中的新奇量子相和量子相变。这些研究工作展示了该系统在非平衡态物理、多体系统的量子模拟、人造规范势和人造自旋–轨道耦合等方向的价值和意义。

The hybrid system of optical cavity and ultracold atomic gas has caught great attention in recent years. This review article focuses on the up-to-date progresses in both theory and experiment worldwide, especially on the superradiant transition and some interesting quantum phases in Bose or Fermi atomic ensembles. It is shown that the hybrid system is highly valuable in the exploration of many interesting physics including non-equilibrium states, quantum simulation of many-body systems, and synthetical gauge field and spin-orbit coupling.