高铁变电所设备雷电侵入波防护分析

Analysis of Lightning Invaded Wave Protection for Equipment in High-Speed Railway Substation

高速铁路的快速发展伴随日益严重的雷电灾害事故,为了合理保护高铁变电所电气、信号设备,需要研究雷电侵入波对其危害。利用EMTP软件搭建了高铁接触网线模型,分析线路、设备前端安装避雷器防护效果,最后隔离变压器起到设备末端精细保护的作用。仿真结果表明:高铁接触网安装避雷器能够降低接触网过电压,其防护效果与避雷器安装密度、距雷击点距离有关;变电所设备前端安装SPD不能够实现过电压完全防护,残压仍然较高;安装隔离变压器能够进一步衰减侵入波过电压,同时有效抑制过电压高频成分。隔离变压器与终端SPD配合可以有效保护变电所设备。

The rapid development of high-speed railway is shadowed by lightning disasters. In order to protect the electric and signal equipment in high-speed railway substation properly, it is necessary to study the lightning surge characteristic. The model of typical high-speed railway catenary is established in EMTP. The protection effects of surge arrester installed on high-speed railway catenary and equipment front end are analyzed. Fine protection effect of isolation transformer on equipment terminal is also discussed. The simulation results show that： installation of arrester can reduce the catenary overvoltage, the protective effect is related to the arrester installation density and the distance from the lightning point; The installation of isolation transformers can further attenuate the incoming wave overvohages while effectively suppressing overvoltage and high frequency components. It is reliable to protect terminal equipment by means of cooperation between SPD and isolation transformer.