雷击输电线路不同位置处的概率研究

Study on the Probability of Lightning Stroke at Different Locations of Lightning Transmission Lines

为了探讨雷击输电线路的特征,在考虑闪电发展具有随机性的基础上建立了雷击输电线路的二维模型,研究雷击输电线不同位置处的概率。结果表明:在不考虑避雷线作用时,雷击输电线路、杆塔以及大地的频数分别为322、151和27。模拟出的雷击距频数呈现为准正态分布,雷击距最大值为95.5 m,最小值为71 m,平均值为83.5 m。当下行先导初始位置在输电线路正上方时,高出输电线路部分的杆塔有效屏蔽了大部分闪电,左右杆塔接闪频数约占总模拟次数84.4%。改变下行先导初始位置,先导分别位于左右两侧时,对应的雷击左、右两侧杆塔分别为87%和90%。因此初始下行先导与输电线路水平距离越近,靠近先导一侧的杆塔越容易遭受雷击。

In order to discuss the characteristics of lightning transmission lines, a two-dimensional model of lightning transmission lines based on consideration of the randomness of lightning development, and the probability of lightning at different locations of lightning transmission is studied. The results show that the frequency of lightning transmission lines, towers and earth is 322,151 and 27 respectively when the action of lightning rod is not taken into account. The simulated lightning strike distance frequency is quasi-normal distribution, the maximum value of lightning strike distance is 95.5 m, the minimum value is 71 m, the average is 83.5 m. When the initial position of the downward leader is directly above the transmission line, the tower above the transmission line part effectively shields most of the lightning, and the frequency of the left and right towers is about 84.4% of the total number. The initial position of the downward leader is changed, when the pilot is located on the left and fight sides, the corresponding lightning on left and fight sides of the tower were 87% and 90%. So the initial downlink and transmission lines closer to the horizontal distance, close to the pilot side of the tower more vulnerable to lightning.