某矿空场法开采安全工程方案制定

The Study of Security Project in Open Stoping

为了预防某矿特大空区大面积冒落产生冲击问题,研究了岩块下落过程中冲击气浪运动形式和对下部结构的冲击破坏;针对向上的冲击气浪,采取新凿天窗井泄压;针对向下从巷道中冲出的气浪,设置了底部出气口安全距离和阻波墙,消耗和阻挡冲击气浪;针对大面积冒落围岩对底部结构引起的冲击破坏,在底部形成废石缓冲垫层,依据消波理论和冲击能理论,量化了垫层最小厚度为20 m。基于形成废石缓冲垫层、泄压天窗井、设置底部出气口安全距离和阻波墙等安全措施,构成了空场法开采安全工程方案。方案实践表明,安全工程方案可行有效,保障了空场下的开采安全。

In order to prevent the problem of the air shock wave induced by the potential of falling roof in a large scale in the ultra-huge mined area, the impact waves form and breakage in the falling process was analyzed. For the impact of the upward surge, the new skylight was adopted. Being aimed at the impact of the downward surge, safe distance and waveblocking wall were assumed for consuming and blocking the surge. In response to the impact breakage caused by the large area of the surrounding rock, the waste rock cushion layer formed at the bottom and the minimum 20m thickness of cushion was obtained based on the theory of wave attenuation and impact energy. The above security measures constituted the security project in open stope mining. Program practice showed that the security project was feasible and effective and the safety of mining under open stoping was protected.