特朗普政府预算案中的科研经费变化及优先领域调整分析

Analysis of Changes in R&D Expenditures and Priorities in Trump Government's First Budget

2017年3月16日,美国白宫公布了2018财年政府预算案。该预算对主要联邦科研机构包括国立卫生研究院、能源部、环境保护局、商务部、农业部等进行了较大幅度的经费削减,基础研究和应用研发无一幸免受到预算削减冲击,受打击较严重的是气候变化、环境和新能源项目。本文讨论了特朗普政府预算案中科研经费格局变化和变化原因,分析了特朗普政府预算的重要特征、可能的影响以及或可为我们利用的机会。

The Trump administration released its Fiscal Year 2018 budget request on March 16,2017. This budget calls for deep cuts to major science agencies including NIH, DOE, EPA, DOC and USDA. Research grants and many technology pro- grams in these agencies will face a dim future including both basic science and applied research and development, especially in areas such as climate change, environment and new energy research. In this article, the proposed significant changes about these agencies are summarized, reasons and hidden motives leading to these changes are analyzed, characteristics of this budget plan and its impact to US and global science and possible chances and opportunities for China are discussed.