黑龙江省7个不同地区养殖场肉牛血液钙、磷和镁浓度的比较分析

Analysis of the concentrations of calcium,phosphorus and magnesium in beef cattle which in seven different areas of Heilongjiang province

通过黑龙江省7个不同地区肉牛养殖场血液钙(Ca)、磷(P)和镁(Mg)浓度的检测比较,来判断这7个肉牛养殖场肉牛钙磷代谢的情况,为肉牛养殖场预防钙磷代谢障碍疾病提供理论依据。选择黑龙江省大庆、双鸭山、九三、牡丹江市7个不同地区不同饲养方式的肉牛养殖场作为调查点,分别记为A组(双鸭山放牧加舍饲)、B组(双鸭山全舍饲)、C组(大庆全舍饲)、D组(九三放牧)、E组(大庆放牧加舍饲)、F组(大庆放牧加舍饲)、G组(牡丹江全舍饲),并对7个不同地区养殖场血中Ca、Mg和P的浓度及游离脂肪酸(NEFA)、葡萄糖(GLU)、β-羟丁酸(BHBA)进行比较分析,综合判定7个肉牛养殖场Ca、P代谢的状况。结果显示:7个调查点65头肉牛血浆中Ca、P和Mg浓度均在正常范围内,各地区间血Ca浓度差异不显著,P浓度有差异性,其中C、G组极显著高于A组(P<0.01);C、G组极显著高于B组(P<0.01);C组极显著高于D、E、F组(P<0.01);G组极显著高于D组(P<0.01);G组极显著高于E组(P<0.01);G组极显著高于F组(P<0.01),能量指标NEFA B组显著高于D组(P<0.05),其他各组间无差异性。GLU各组间存在差异其中A组显著高于E组(P<0.05);B组显著高于A、D组(P<0.05),极显著高于E、F、G组(P<0.01);C组极显著高于A、D、E、F、G组(P<0.01);D组显著高于E组(P<0.05);F组显著高于E组(P<0.05),BHBA有组间差异,C、D、E组极显著高于A组(P<0.01)、F组显著高于A组(P<0.05);C组显著高于B组(P<0.05);D、E组极显著高于B组(P<0.01);C组极显著高于G组(P<0.01);D组极显著高于F、G组(P<0.01);E组极显著高于F、G组(P<0.01)。各组间在血磷、NEFA、GLU、BHBA方面存在差异,与各组间的饲养方式,饲料精粗比及饲养环境有关。结果表明,黑龙江省大庆、双鸭山、九三、牡丹江市7个不同地区肉牛养殖场没有发生钙磷代谢障碍性疾病,但也要预防营养代谢疾病的发生。

The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of calcium,phosphorus and magnesium in blood and compare the differences in seven areas of Heilongjiang province,and then estimate calcuim-phosphorus metabolism of beel cattle in seven beef cattle farms to provide theoretical foundation for the prevention of calcium phosphorus metabolism diseases of beef cattle. Seven beef cattle farms of Daqing,Shuangyashan,Jiusan and Mudanjiang in Heilongjiang province were selected as the survey sites,which were recorded as group A （both grazing and stall-feeding in Shuangyashan）,group B （stall-feeding mode in Shuangyashan）,group C （stall-feeding mode in Daqing） ,group D （grazing mode in Jiusan）,group E （both grazing and stall-feeding in Daqing）, group F （both grazing and stall-feeding in Daqing） and group G （stall-feeding mode in Mudanjiang）. Then the concentrations of Ca, Mg, P, free fatty acid （NEFA）, glucose （Glc） and 13- hydroxybutyric acid （BHBA） in the blood were compared to estimate the calcuim-phosphorus metabolic states. Results showed that the concentrations of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in the plasma of 65 beef cattle in seven survey sites were within the normal range,and there was no significant difference in calcium concentration among seven sites. The P contents in group C and G were significantly higher those that in group A and B（P〈0.01） ,which in group C was significant- ly higher than those in group D,E and F （P〈0. 01）,which in group G was significantly higher than those in group D,E and F（P〈0.01）. NEFA content in group B was significantly higher than that in group D （P〈0.05） ,and there was no difference among other groups. The concentration of Glc in group A was significantly higher than that in group E （P〈0.05） ,which in group B was sig- nificantly higher than those in group A and D, and was very significantly higher than those in group E,F and G （P〈0.01） ,which in group C was very significantly higher than those in group A,D,E,F and G （P〈0.01） ,which in group C was significantly higher than those in group A,D, E,F and G （P〈0.01） ,which in group D was significantly higher than that in group E （P〈0.05）, and which in group F was significantly higher than that in group E （P〈0.05）. The concentration of BHBA in group C,D and E were significantly higher than that in group A （P〈0.01） ,which in group C was significantly higher than that in group B （P〈0.05） ,which in group D and E was sig- nificantly higher than that in group B （P〈0. 01） ,which in group C was significantly higher than that in group G （P〈0.01） ,which in group D was significantly higher than those in group F and G （P〈0.01） ,and in group E was highly significantly higher than that in group F and G （P〈0. 01）. Overall,there were not calcuim-phosphorus metabolic disorders within the seven beef cattle farms which were selected, but it is also necessary to strengthen feeding management and health care to prevent the occurrence of nutrition and metabolic diseases.