高产奶牛产后卵巢囊肿的血液临床病理学变化及其预警评估

Clinical pathological changes of blood and risk prediction of ovarian cysts in postpartum of high producing dairy cows

选择黑龙江省某牛场产后60~90d奶牛共70头(平均泌乳量(34.55±8.44)kg/d,(2.24±1.01)胎次)。通过对发情和卵巢囊肿奶牛生殖激素,能量代谢,肝功和矿物质等10项指标检测,结合Pearson相关分析、二元Logistic分析以及ROC分析,结果显示:牛场卵巢囊肿发病率为9.8%,其主要原因为能量负平衡;卵巢囊肿奶牛血浆中牛促卵泡素(FSH)、牛促黄体激素(LH)和牛孕酮(P_4)的质量浓度均低于发情组,但仅牛雌二醇(E_2)质量浓度((101.95±6.2)ng/L)显著高于发情组((91.97±10.62)ng/L);牛场在14~21d和60~90d卵巢囊肿组与发情组相比游离脂肪酸(NEFA)、β-羟丁酸(BHBA)和门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)均显著的升高,而Glu显著低于发情组;当产后14~21d奶牛血浆中BHBA>0.855 mmol/L、NEFA>0.585 mmol/L、AST>77.0U/L时,患卵巢囊肿的风险增高。结果表明:能量负平衡引起奶牛产后生殖激素分泌紊乱,进而造成卵泡囊肿。奶牛产后血浆NEFA、BHBA和AST等指标可作为卵巢囊肿发生的风险预警。

In this study,70 cows with （34. 55±8. 44）kg per day milk, （2.24±1.01）years at （60- 90）d postpartum were chosen from an intensive dairy farm in Heilongjiang province. Ten plasma parameters including reproductive hormones, energy metabolism, liver function and minerals were measured at（60-90）d postpartum from the estrous and ovarian cyst dairy cows,combined with bi- nary Pearson correlation analysis,Logistic analysis and ROC analysis. The results showed that.the incidence of ovarian cysts in this farm was 9.8%, its main reason is negative energy balance; the plasma concentrations of FSH,LH and P4 in ovarian cysts were lower than those in estrus group, but E2 （ 6.2 ng/L） was significantly higher than that in estrus group （（91.97±10.62） ng/L）;the plasma concentrations of NEFA, BHBA and AST were significantly increased in ovaries cysts at 14-21 d and 60-90 d,and Glu was significantly lower than that in estrus group. When the plasma concentration of BHBA were more than 0. 855 mmol/L, NEFA more than 0. 585 mmol/L, AST more than 77.0 U/L at 14-21 d postpartum,the risk of ovarian cyst increased. Negative energy balance can cause disorder of reproductive hormone secretion in early lactation cows,and then provoke cyst of follicle. Plasma NEFA, BHBA and AST of dairy cows postpartum can be used to predict the risk of ovarian cysts.