新高考改革的风险及其规避--基于风险社会理论的思考

Risks and Risks Avoiding of the New College Entrance Examination Reform

新高考改革进程中隐含着素质教育与应试教育之间的"钟摆现象"、普通高中学校办学缺乏特色、高中学生自主发展异化等风险。风险社会理论为分析新高考改革面临的风险提供了分析框架。通过整合贝克、吉登斯、鲁曼、拉什等学者的风险社会理论,将新高考改革风险归因于新高考改革决策者与专家的结盟、高中学校自我生存的利益驱动、高中学生职业生涯规划指导不足等因素。为规避新高考改革的风险,我们可以采取如下策略:树立改革风险意识与呼唤风险决策伦理;探索高中学校特色办学与管理模式;建构高中职业生涯规划指导体系。

In the course of the new college entrance examination reform, high school students face the risk of fairness, high schools face the quality risk of education and teaching, colleges and universities face the scientific risk of admission. The risk society theory provides us with a new analytical framework facing the new college entrance examination reform. Through the integration of different scholars, such as Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens, Scott Lash, the causes of risks are mainly attributed to the man-made risks from the alliance between policy makers and experts; the universality and particularity of risk distribution; the fracture between tool rationality and value ethics, scientific rationality and social ethics. In order to avoid risks of the new college entrance examination reform, we should construct the cultural criticism and the risk responsibility ethics through the main body of the policy reform, establish the reflection mechanism both in risk consciousness and risk culture, and integrate organically between tool rationality and value ethics,scientific rationality and social ethics.