论王阳明“知行合一”与“治世”思想

On the Wang Yangming's Ideas of “The Unity of Knowledge and Action”and Social Administration

王阳明的"知行合一"思想包含知不离行、行不离知、以行归知三个方面的重要内容。以此为理论根基,其"治世"思想一方面呈现出重知亦重行的特征,既重视对民众的道德教化,主张以德治世,又提出具有变革性的"四民异业而同道"的思想并付诸实践,另一方面表现在整个"治世"的过程中,尤其突出人心的重要作用,呈现出以心挽世的"治世"倾向。

Wang Yangming＇s idea＂the unity of knowledge and action＂contains three levels of content. The first level is that knowledge cannot be acquired without action,and the second is that action cannot be taken without knowledge.Then,new knowledge can be obtained through action. This theory provides a theoretical basis to the thought of social administration. For one thing,his theory of ＂social administration＂not only pays attention to knowing but also to doing. He attached importance to moral education of the people,advocating to administrate the society by virtue,and put forward with a change thought of ＂the four kinds of people equality＂and put it into practice. For another,he hidhlighted the role of morality in the process of social administration,especially the heart,which is showing a tendency of administrating the society with morality.