探索、建构、确立和深化——马克思社会冲突理论的历史发展

Exploration,Construction,Establishment and Deepening——The Historical Development of Marx's Theory about Social Conflicts

马克思的社会冲突理论是历史唯物主义的重要组成部分,其形成和发展也经历了一个历史过程。大体说来,《莱茵报》和《德法年鉴》时期,是马克思社会冲突理论的探索阶段;《1844年经济学哲学手稿》和《神圣家族》时期,是马克思社会冲突理论的初步建构阶段;《德意志意识形态》和《共产党宣言》的发表,标志着马克思社会冲突理论的基本确立。在《资本论》中,马克思特别对资本主义社会的对立和冲突进行了深入细致地分析,从政治经济学批判的角度对社会冲突理论进行了深刻地论证,从而使其进一步丰富和深化。马克思的社会冲突理论在当代仍具有重大的理论和实践意义。

Marx’s theory about social conflicts is an important part of historical materialism.Similar to historical materialism,its formation and development have gone through a historical process.Generally speaking,the period of Rheinische Zeitungand Deutsch-Franzosische Jahrbucher is the exploration stage of Marx’s theory about social conflicts.The period of Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 and The Holy Family is its primary construction stage.The publications of The German Ideology and Manifesto of the Communist Party mark its basic establishment.In his later masterpieces such as Capital,Marx specially makes a profound and close analysis of the contradictions and confrontations in capitalist societies,and from the perspective of political economy critique,he has a profound argument of the theory about social conflicts,which enriches and deepens it.Nowadays,Marx’s theory about social conflicts still has important theoretical and practical significance.