后现代主体理论转向中的朱迪斯·巴特勒性别操演理论再审视

Revisiting Judith Butler's Theory of Gender Performativity at the Turn of Postmodern Theory of Subject

承认理论、服从理论以及性别操演论三个维度的梳理有助于全面评价巴特勒的主体理论发展。承认是非规范主体追求性别平等的理想;服从是权力话语关系中主体形成的条件;性别操演是巴特勒主体建构的根基,体现了其理论的超前性。巴特勒后现代主体理论既关注主体的能动性力量,也深刻体悟到主体在权力话语中服从的事实,更重要的是强调主体的反抗性行动,从而在协商中获得权力话语的承认,成为合适的主体。

This paper aims to clarify that the three theories of recognition,subjection and gender performativity contribute to a comprehensive evaluation of Butler’s theoretical development of subject.Recognition is the non-heterosexual subject’s ideal of pursuing gender equality;subjection is the condition of forming subject in the power discourse;gender performativity is Butler’s foundation of constructing subject,reflecting the advanced nature of her theory.Butler’s postmodern theory of subject concentrates on the active energy of the subject,but also realizes the fact of subjection in becoming subject,more importantly,it emphasizes the subject’s rebellious activity.Thus,in negotiation with power discourse,the subject is recognized and becomes proper subject.