内蒙古地区双峰驼生活习性的研究

Study on Life Habits of Bactrian Camel in Inner Mongolia Region

作为优秀的家畜物种双峰驼的数量越来越少了,在世界范围内主要分布在中国和蒙古人民共和国等国家。其中中国骆驼总数居世界第2位,而内蒙古地区双峰骆驼的数量又占到全国总数的60%以上。骆驼是生活在荒漠和半荒漠的重要畜种,在长期的进化过程中机体构造、器官功能和生活习性形成了许多特性,以适应独特的荒漠条件,因此被誉为"沙漠之舟"。骆驼是一种宝贵的畜种资源,对其遗传资源的保护应该受到足够的重视。同时,驼肉纤维较粗,脂肪含量少,瘦肉多,驼乳脂肪球小,易被人体消化吸收,属于"绿色食品",适合于当今人们追求的饮食需求;驼绒是上等的毛纤维,是毛纺工业的重要原料之一,市场前景非常广阔。通过野外考察、定位观测和原地实验等方法,系统地论述了内蒙古地区双峰驼的形态特征和生活习性,以期引起人们对这一物种的重视。

Bactrian camel,as an excellent livestock species,the numbers were less and less.Bactrian camel was mainly living in China and People＇s Republic of Mongolia and other countries around the world.The total numbers of bactrian camel in China were the second largest in the world,and the numbers in Inner Mongolia region accounted for 60% of the total numbers of China.The camel was one of the important animal species living in desert and semi-desert.Their body structure,organ function and life habits were characteristic during the long-term evolution so as to adapt to the unique desert conditions ,therefore was known as＂ships of the desert＂.The Camel was a kind of precious animal species resources,the protection of the genetic resources should be given enough attention.At the same time, the camel had coarser fibers, low fat and lean meat.The camel milk had small fat balls easy to be digested and absorbed by human body,which belonged to the ＂green food＂, suitable for human dietary requirement today.Camel hair had fine wool fiber, one of the important raw materials in wool spinning industry,which had a very broad market prospect.The morphological characteristics and living habits of bactrian camel in Inner Mongolia autonomous region were systematically studied through field investigation, positioning observation and iri-situ experiment to cause people＇s attention to this species.