基于“集体记忆”理论下的乡愁保护研究——以黄山市五城村为例

The research on nostalgia protection based on the “collective memory”——Taking Wucheng countryside of Huangshan City as a example

随着时代的发展,乡村生活模式的改变以及现代化建设,使得乡村的文化以及物质空间发生了改变,甚至有时是一种破坏,使得集体的记忆被损坏,乡愁无处寻。文章从留住乡愁出发,提倡保护乡愁,以集体记忆理论为依据,以黄山市休宁县具有一千多年历史的五城村为例,从空间场所的特征和人际交往以及文化习俗几方面探讨了对集体记忆构建的影响,继而延伸到保护乡愁的措施。研究认为,构建"集体记忆",得从保护物质空间以及活动着手,恢复完善原有的记忆空间,控制延续乡村的风貌,继承发展传统文化、民俗文化,发展乡村特色文化及产业。

As the time progresses,China＇s modernization drive has yielded great achievements. This,however,alters the Chinese rural-life pattern that is mainly constituted by the Chinese rural culture and physical space of the Chinese villages. What is worse,the alteration sometimes damages our collective memory,driving our nostalgia nowhere to be found. Therefore,the paper calls for the protection of nostalgia,on the basis of the Collective Memory Theory,and it is illustrated by the case of Wucheng Village,a thousand-year old village,located at Xiuning County,Huangshan City,Anhui Province. Furthermore,the impacts on the Collective Memory Construction are discussed from three perspectives,i. e. the features of physical space,human interaction and traditional culture and customs,attempting to find out the measures of protecting nostalgia. Therefore,the construction of ＂ collective memory＂ should be executed by protecting the physical space in rural countries. To sum up,there are four approaches,i. e. restore the original memorial space,retain the rural sceneries and landscapes,inherit the traditional culture and folk features as well as facilitate the growth of the unique rural culture and industry.