国外社区韧性的理论与实践进展

Research Progress on the Theory and Practice of Foreign Community Resilience

韧性是当今城市发展的重要议题,其中社区韧性是韧性在城市内部空间最具实践意义的典型代表,同时也是国际上城市韧性研究领域的前沿热点。本文对国外社区韧性的理论与实践进行述评。首先,梳理了学术界社区韧性的概念和内涵,并将其归纳为能力、过程和目标三个部分;其次,从评估对象、评估内容和评估方法三方面阐述了社区韧性评估体系;然后,从理论研究、政策导向和实践三个维度讨论了社区韧性的提升策略;最后,总结了社区韧性的国外研究成果,对未来的研究进行展望,并从社区发展、规划和管理三个方面进行启示总结,以期为我国未来社区韧性的评估、提升乃至规划范式的理论与实践提供参考。

Resilience is a significant issue of urban development, among which community resilience is fairly representative in urban inner space as it is at this level that resilience pathways are implemented ＇on the ground＇. Community resilience is also a research hotspot internationally in resilience field. Recent progress of researches on the theories and practices of community resilience has been discussed in detail in this paper. Firstly, community resilience is summarized into capacity, process, and obiectives based on analyzing the main ideas of scholar research. Secondly, community resilience assessment systems are summarized from the aspects of object, content, and methods. Thirdly, the community resilience promotion strategy is discussed in detail from the aspects of theoretical study, policy making, and practice. Lastly, a summary of foreign research work, and challenges and potential issues for future studies is presented, and inspiration on community development, community planning and community management is discussed to provide a reference on resilience assessment, promotion and even planning paradigm for future studies in China.