《使琉球录》中的钓鱼岛史料性质之研究

A Study of the Nature of Historical Data of Diaoyutai Islands in Shi Liu Qiu Lu

明清两代琉球册封使所撰写的出使报告是记载钓鱼岛主权属我的最丰富、最集中的文献。从明朝嘉靖十四年(1535)陈侃的《使琉球录》到清朝同治五年(1866)赵新的《续琉球国志略》,十三部官方正式出使奏报连续不断地记载了中琉航线上的钓鱼列岛是在我国的海疆之内,起"镇山""界山"作用的赤尾屿位于中琉自然疆域分界的"落漈""黑水沟"以西,属中国所有,而姑米山乃琉球王国西南极限,是进入其国境之门户,琉球所辖的三十六岛不包括钓鱼列屿。除递呈朝廷的出使报告外,在琉球册封使的饯别诗文、使团成员所著的文集甚至与使节相关的家谱、墓志铭等传世、出土文献中,都留有较多的钓鱼岛相关记载,它们再次有力地证明了钓鱼岛属于中国确凿无疑。

The official reports written by sapposhi （ imperial Chinese diplomatic mission ） to Ryukyu in the Ming and Qing dynasties are the most abundant and concentrated primary historical date. From Chen Kan＇ s Shi Liu Qiu Lu （ 使琉球录 ） written in Jia Jing 14 years （ 1535 AD ） to Xu Liu Qiu Guo Zhi Lue （ 续琉球国志略 ） completed by Zhao Xin in Tongzhi 5 years （ 1866 AD ） , the thirteen official reports to the Emperor on and on continuously recorded that Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands on the Sino-Ryukyu navigation route belong to China. The territorial waters on the west of Chiwei Yu, which is recorded as zhen shan （ 镇山 ） and jie shan（界山 ）, are China＇ s inherent territory. Ryukyu is separated from the Chinese waters by Hei Shui Gou （ 黑水沟 ） and Luo Ji （ 落漈 ） to the west. Diaoyutai Islands are not included in the thirty six islands under the jurisdiction of Ryukyu Kingdom. Gu Mi Shan （ 姑米山 Gu Mi Mountain ） is the front door guarding the southwest border of Ryukyu. Other than the said official reports of Chinese diplomatic mission, primary data proving the Chinese sovereignty of Diaoyutai Islands can easily be found in the farewell prose of imperial Chinese diplomatic missions, their epitaphs, anthologies and genealogies, and excavated documents. All these primary data undoubtedly prove that Diaoyutai Islands are China＇ s inherent territory.