我国青少年体质健康政策执行困境及纾解路径

Dilemmas and Ways to Optimize the Execution of Adolescent Physical Health Policy

采用文献资料、历史比较、逻辑分析等方法,结合我国青少年体质健康的现实背景,对青少年体质健康政策执行中存在的问题及有效路径进行系统分析。研究发现,我国青少年体质健康政策的演变经历了政策探索、政策导入、政策发展和政策完善4个阶段,在政策执行过程中出现政策执行角度产生偏离和政策执行角度产生背离、执行力度的缺乏、执行尺度的不足和执行深度的不够等现象。分析认为,政策自身的不完善是青少年体质健康政策执行偏离的制度原因,执行主体与客体利益的不均衡是青少年体质健康政策执行偏离的直接动因,政策执行环境的不佳是青少年体质健康政策执行偏离的外部原因,政策执行的监督不健全是青少年体质健康政策执行偏离的管理体制原因。提出政策执行的纾解路径:确立政策法律权威度,提高政策目标层次,提升执行主客体政策认同,拓宽政策执行资源,建立政策执行联动机制,健全政策执行监控体系。

The national policy of adolescent physical health is a mile-stone to combat youth physical decline and to improve personnel training. It aims to solve the contradiction between the quality requirements. However, because the policy itself is not perfect, the interests of the policy implementation main body and object is poorly balanced. Mechanism of execution, monitoring is not well established. Meanwhile, poor execution environment and other factors exist in the execution policy practice, leaving its enforcement and esteemed degree into real dilemma. The article puts forward the optimum path of policy implementation. That is to establish policy and law authority, to improve the policy goal level, to better execution policy subject and object identification, to broaden the policy execution resources, to establish policy implementation linkage mechanism, and finally to perfect the policy implementation monitoring system, etc.