抗枯萎病和白粉病西瓜种质的分子标记筛选研究

Research on Molecular Marker Screening of Watermelon Germplasm Resistant to Fusarium Wilt and Powdery Mildew

西瓜枯萎病、白粉病是西瓜生产上的世界性病害,严重影响西瓜的产量和品质,因此筛选抗枯萎病和白粉病的种质资源对西瓜育种具有重要的意义。本研究以198份不同种质资源类型的西瓜为试验材料,运用Caps标记技术分别对这些种质资源进行抗枯萎病、白粉病基因型分析。研究结果表明,198份种质资源中,76份表现为抗枯萎病基因型,占鉴定材料的38.4%,35份表现为抗白粉病基因型,占鉴定材料的17.7%,在育成品种和育种材料中抗白粉病的种质相对于抗枯萎病的种质少。还发现了23份兼抗枯萎病和白粉病的品种,其中地方品种14份。以上结果可以为西瓜的抗病育种提供参考。

Fusarium wilt and powdery mildew are worldwide diseases in watermelon production. These diseases seriously effects watermelon yields and fruit quality. Thus, it is very important for breeding to screen the germplasm resources which are resistance to fusarium wilt and powdery mildew. In this study, 198 accessions of watermelon with different germplasm resources were used as test materials, and Caps molecular marker was used for screening fusarium wilt and powdery mildew resistant genotypes. The results showed that 76 accessions of germplasm resources, or around 38.4%, were fusarium wilt resistant genotypes in 198 accessions of germplasm resources, 35 accessions of germplasm resources were powdery mildew resistant genotypes, accounting for 17.7%of the total experimental materials, and powdery mildew resistant germplasm was less than fusarium wilt resistant germplasm, especially in improved cultivar and inbred lines. 23 resources tolerant to both powdery mildew and fusarium wilt were found in our study, and there were 14 local varieties in these materials. These results could provide reference for the disease resistance breeding of watermelon.