砂岩型铀矿地震勘探技术应用现状与发展

Application status and future trend of seismic exploration techniques in sandstone uranium deposits

简要回顾了铀矿地震技术发展情况,基于近十几年来核地矿系统积累的砂岩型铀矿地震勘探工作成果,从采集、处理、解释方面介绍了我国砂岩型铀矿地震勘探技术的应用现状。通过与国内外同类技术发展水平的对比分析,找出了我们存在的诸多差距和不足,例如针对砂岩型铀矿成藏特点的地震采集方法研究不足,浅层地震数据处理成像精度不高,解释反演精度不高,砂岩型铀矿砂体的地震属性分析、叠前反演技术研究、目标砂体建模与正演等工作滞后。针对这些问题以及铀矿成矿特点,提出了优化采集面元、详细论证和试验覆盖次数、开发超浅层(小于100 m)砂岩型铀矿地震处理技术和层间砂体弱信息提取技术、研究浅层去噪及高精度成像技术、开展含铀和非含铀砂体岩石物理建模研究以及目标砂体地震属性特征分析研究等对策和建议,以加快我国砂岩型铀矿地震勘探技术的发展。

This paper gives a brief review of the seismic technology development level in uranium exploration,and decribes the application status of seismic exploration technology for sandstone type uranium deposits in China from the aspects of collection,processing and interpretation based on the results of seismic exploration work in nuclear geological system in recent years.Through the comparative analysis of the development level of similar technologies in China and abroad,the authors have found out the gaps between China and countries abroad in this field.Here are some examples of China＇s shortcomings in this field： lack of studying seismic acquisition methods for sandstone type uranium deposits,relatively low precision of shallow seismic data processing and interpretation accuracy,backwardness in such aspects as the work of seismic attribute analysis of sandstone type uranium ore body,prestack inversion technology research,and target sand body modeling.Aiming at tackling these problems and considering characteristics of uranium mineralization,the authors put forward some countermeasures and suggestions for speeding up the development of seismic exploration technology of sandstone type uranium deposits in China,such as optimizing the acquisition surface,detailed demonstration and testing of the coverage,developing the seismic processing technology for ultra shallow（ less than 100 m） sandstone type uranium deposits and weak information extraction technology of interlayer sand,research on the technology of shallow noise removal and high precision imaging,study of the physical modeling of uranium and non-uranium bearing sandstone and analysis of the seismic attributes of the target sand body.