冬季贴地层最低温度差异分析

Analysis on the minimum temperature differences in ground layer of winter

利用2008年冬季最冷时期在福建省长汀县气象站进行的地面、近地面、草面和气温四个层次每日最低温度的观测资料,分析在晴冷型和阴雨型两类天气条件下各层最低温度的差异。结果表明:(1)晴冷型天气时,贴地层中最低温度:地面>近地面>草面,各层温差显著,而气温与地面温度相当;(2)阴雨型天气时,贴地层中最低温度:地面>近地面>气温>草面,各层温差小。影响冬季贴地层最低温度差异的主要气象因子为云量(特别是低云量)、风速、湿度、大气透明度和降水等。

Based on the observational data of ground, near ground, grass surface and air daily minimum temperature in the meteorological station of Changting in 2008, the difference of minimum temperature on each layer under the sunny and rainy cold type weather conditions were analyzed. The results showed that： （1）under sunny cold weather, the sequence is like： ground〉nearground 〉 grass surface, the difference temperature is significant except for air temperature similar as ground temperature. （2）When the rainy weather;, the ground 〉 near ground 〉 grass, each layer with little difference. The main meteorological factors affecting the minimum temperature differences in winter are cloud amount （especially low cloud amount） , wind speed, humidity, atmospheric transparency and precipitation.