基于mtDNA D-loop区全序列的琅琊鸡遗传多样性和系统进化研究

The analysis on the genetic diversity and phyletic evolution of Langya chicken based on mitochondrial DNA D-loop region sequence

为探讨琅琊鸡遗传多样性和系统进化,了解琅琊鸡母系起源,以30只琅琊鸡为素材,通过PCR扩增和测序技术,对mtDNA D-loop区全序列进行测序,并与GenBank中公布的D-loop区全序列的19条红色原鸡序列进行比对和分析。结果表明:琅琊鸡mtDNA D-loop区全长为1 231~1 232bp,1 231bp的个体在859bp处存在C碱基缺失;30只个体共发现25处单核苷酸多态位点,为13种单倍型,核苷酸多样度(Pi)为0.006 47±0.005 13,单倍型多样度(Hd)为0.887±0.038,平均核苷酸差异(K)为7.968;系统发育分析显示,琅琊鸡具有多个母系起源,13种单倍型可分为A、B、C和E 4个分支,其中E分支为琅琊鸡的优势单倍型,与原鸡印度亚种(Gallus gallus murghi)聚为一类。这一研究从分子水平为琅琊鸡遗传资源保护和开发利用提供了参考。

To investigate the genetic diversity and phyletic evolution, realize the maternal origin of Langya chicken, 30 Langya chickens were used as material, by PCR amplification and sequencing technique, complete mtDNA D-loop sequences of Langya chickens were analyzed, and compared to the 19 red jungle fowl sequences in GenBank. The results showed that, the D-loop region of Langya chicken was 1 231--1 232 bp, the 1 231 bp haplotype existed a base C deft- ciency in 859 site. In the 30 samples assayed, 25 mutation sites and 13 haplotypes were found. The nucleotide diversity （Pi） was 0. 006 47_＋0. 005 13, haplotype diversity （Hd） was 0. 887--＋0. 038, and average number of nucleotide differences （K） was 7. 968. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Langya chickens might have multiple origins. 13 haplotypes of Langya chicken converged into 4 elades of A, B, C and E. The clade E was the advantage haplotype, which clustered with Gallus gallus rnurghi. The results will be a reference for genetic resources conservation and development and utilization of Langya chicken.