天地一体化网络中的航天器IP网络设计

Spacecraft IP Network Design Used in Integrated Space-ground Network

为了将地面IP网络技术应用于航天器内部设备间的数据通信,并实现与地面站的互连,根据航天器与地面站之间通信链路的特点,提出一种IP网络协议体系结构,实现天地一体化网络通信。在航天器上采用以太网协议完成内部网络数据交换,配置天地网关设备完成与地面测控通信网络之间的IP包交换;地面测控通信网络采用计算机IP网络,并配套相应的天地网关设备,完成与航天器的IP包交换。根据航天器数据的特点,提出一种速率控制策略,优先传输控制数据,控制图像话音数据周期平均速率,控制试验数据IP包平均速率。地面仿真试验及实际系统测试结果表明:文章提出的航天器IP网络设计,适应航天器与地面站的通信链路,可直接应用于高、中、低轨航天器的天地一化网络通信,也可为后续月球、火星等探测任务提供参考。

In order to use IP （internet protocol） technology to transmit information between spacecraft equipments and to link spacecraft and ground stations, an IP network protocol archi-tecture is proposed based on the characteristics of the links between spacecraft and ground sta-tions to realize integrated space-ground network communications. The Ethernet is used to ex-change data between spacecraft equipments, and a space gateway is used to exchange IP packages with ground stations. IP network is used in ground stations, and a ground gateway is used to ex-change IP packages with spacecraft. A rate control strategy based on the characteristics of space-craft data is presented. The control data is transmitted immediately, the video and audio data rate is controlled based on periods, and the experimental data rate is controlled based on IP package. The results of ground simulation and system test show that the spacecraft IP network design mentioned above is suitable for the space and ground station communications links, and can be used in the integrated space-ground network of GEO, MEO or LEO spacecraft and as a reference for the moon and Mars missions.