十月革命胜利后初期俄国农民阶级的政治态度变化及原因分析

Changes and Causes of the Political Attitudes of the Russian Peasant Class in the Early Period After the Victory of the October Revolution

作为一个"农民国度",俄国农民阶级的政治态度对于十月革命胜利成果的巩固至关重要。十月革命胜利后初期,俄国农民阶级对布尔什维克党的态度经历了一个多次变化的过程,即支持——反对——支持的转变,这与布尔什维克党在不同时期实施的政策有直接关系。在战时共产主义时期,余粮收集制引发了农民的不满、反对和反抗,但并不应彻底否定它。从战时共产主义政策到新经济政策是符合一个"农民国度"社会发展规律的转变。

As a ＂peasant nation＂,the political attitude of Russian peasant class was crucial to the consolidation of the victory of the October Revolution. The political attitude of the class towards the Bolshevik Party had experienced a process of multiple changes,namely,support-opposition-support,which was directly related to the policies adopted by the Bolshevik Party in different periods. In the period of Wartime Communism,the surplus collection system caused the dissatisfaction,opposition and resistance of peasants,but it should not be completely negated. The change from the Wartime Communist policy to the new economic policy was accorded with the law of social development of ＂peasant nation＂.