我国口岸截获芒果象属检疫性有害生物疫情分析

Analysis of Sternochetus spp. weevils(Coleoptera:Curculionidae)intercepted at the frontier ports of China

【目的】芒果象属昆虫是我国禁止进境的植物检疫性有害生物,广泛分布于非洲、北美洲和东南亚,寄主为芒果。其生活隐蔽,羽化孔未出现时看不出危害状,危害率可达30%~80%,严重影响芒果的产量和质量。近年来,我国口岸截获的芒果象甲的数量日益增多,表明该类检疫性有害生物传入我国的风险越来越大。【方法】运用Microsoft Excel工作表对2003—2015年全国口岸截获芒果象属有害生物的疫情进行统计分析。【结果】2003—2015年全国口岸共截获芒果象4156批次,22个直属局有截获记录。其中,截获芒果果核象甲3028批次,数量最多,占截获芒果象总批次的72.86%;芒果果实象甲和芒果果肉象甲相对较少,分别为837和291批次。截获芒果象的来源国主要为非洲和东南亚芒果象疫情分布国家和地区,且主要自进境旅客随身携带物中检出。【结论】我国口岸应加大对芒果象的检疫力度,保护我国农林业生产安全。

[Aim] Sternochetus spp. are included in the list of quarantine pests of China, and are widely distributed in tropical regions of Africa, North America and Southeast Asia. Their host plant is mango, and the damage can＇t be found until the eclosion holes appear. The damage rate can reach 30%-80%, which seriously affects yield and quality. In recent years, the increase in the number of intercepted Sternochetus spp. at Chinese frontier ports indicates an increasing invasion risk.[Method] We analyzed the epidemic situation of intercepted Sternochetus spp. from Chinese ports during 2003 to 2015.[Result] During 2003 to 2015, there were 4156 incidents of Sternochetus intercepted in Chinese ports, and 22 Inspection and Quarantine Bureaus had interception records. Among them, the most common was S. mangiferae （3028 records, 72.86% of the total amount）; less common were S. frigidus and S. olivieri with the numbers of 837 and 291 records, respectively. The Sternochetus spp. was intercepted originated mainly from Africa and Southeast Asia, and most of them were found in passenger baggage.[Conclusion] In order to protect the production safety of agriculture and forestry in China, Chinese ports should strengthen the quarantine of Sternochetus, especially from quarantine areas.