北京市旅居流动人口出行特征分析

Analysis of Travel Characteristics of Sojourn Floating Population in Beijing

随着城镇化的快速发展,我国已经进入了人口流动迁移最为活跃的时期,流动人口呈现数量多、组成复杂的趋势,其出行特征值得关注.本文依据第5次北京交通综合调查流动人口调查数据,根据流动人口在京时间特征差异,将在京时间6个月以内的旅居流动人口划分为短期来京差旅型流动人口和长期在京居留型流动人口2类,据此研究旅居流动人口出行特征.研究发现短期来京差旅型流动人口存在选择舒适型出行方式概率较高、出行链复杂程度高、活动效率较低等特征;长期在京居留型流动人口来京目的多为务工,其出行早晚高峰特征明显且与道路高峰重叠,与常住人口出行特征相似度较高.结合北京市交通供给现状及首都发展定位,针对出租车服务、公交服务、共享单车等提出管理策略及政策建议.

With the rapid development of urbanization,China has entered into a most active period of migration. Travel characteristics of floating population have received great attention due to its enormous amount and its complicated components. Based on the floating population data of the Fifth Beijing Traffic Comprehensive Survey,this paper discussed the travel characteristics of floating population by dividing the floating population staying in Beijing within six months into two categories（ short term business travelers and long-term resident floating population in Beijing）,according to the difference of the sojourn time. It came out that the short-term travel type of the floating population in Beijing had the characteristics of higher probability of choosing comfortable travel mode,higher complexity of travel chain and lower travel efficiency; the majority of long-term residence type of the floating population came to Beijing for work,its morning and evening peak characteristics are obvious,and overlapping with the roadpeak,and the similarity of travel characteristics with resident population was higher. Combined with the present situation of transportation supply in Beijing and capital development orientation,management strategies and policy recommendations are proposed for taxi services,bus services and shared bicycles.