基于预测控制的冷、热、电联产型微电网能量管理

Energy Management of Combined Cooling,Heating and Power Micro-grid Based on Model Predictive Control

由于可再生能源出力特性和微电网运行约束等限制,如何进一步提高微电网中可再生能源消纳量已成为研究热点。本文在冷、热、电联产型微电网中引入用于提高可再生能源消纳量并承担部分热、冷负荷的电锅炉、吸收式制冷机和压缩式电制冷机装置,提出了基于预测控制的微电网能量管理方法。综合考虑网内各单元的工作特性,建立满足实际运行约束的冷、热、电联产型微电网能量管理模型。在孤网运行模式下,兼顾储能装置容量期望以及各单元运行特性,构建微电网能量管理优化目标。利用预测控制滚动优化策略以及可再生能源输出和冷、热、电负荷需求的预测结果,建立带有逻辑变量的有限时域优化问题,实现基于预测控制的微电网最优能量管理。仿真结果表明:引入电锅炉、吸收式制冷机和压缩式电制冷机装置可以达到提高微电网中可再生能源的消纳量、减少燃料消耗、降低运行成本的目的,预测控制中的滚动优化策略能够有效消除可再生能源输出的不确定性和冷、热、电负荷需求波动性带来的影响。

Due to renewable energy output characteristics and system operational constraints,the improvement on the consumption of renewable energy has been a hot issue recently.By introducing the electric boiler,absorption refrigerator and electric compress chiller into the combined cooling,heating and power(CCHP)micro-grid for increasing the consumption of renewable energy and supply part of heating and cooling loads,this paper proposes a model predictive control energy management method,in which a model of CCHP micro-grid satisfying the actual operation constraints is established and the operational characteristics of each unit in the micro-grid are considered.In an intentional island mode,we establish the optimization objective function of energy management by considering the expected capacity value of energy storage devices and operating characteristics of each unit.And then,a finite-horizon optimization problem with logic variables is established by using receding horizon optimization strategy of model predictive control and the forecast result of renewable energy and load power.Finally,simulation results show that the introduction of electric boiler,absorption refrigerator and electric compress chiller can effectively improve the consumption of renewable energy,reduce the consumption of fuel and decrease the operation costs.Besides,the receding horizon optimization strategy can eliminate the effect of the intermittent output of renewable energy and fluctuation of load demand.