上海地区2015-2016年白纹伊蚊幼虫监测及抗药性调查

Study on the seasonal dynamics and insecticides resistance of Aedes albopictus larvae,in Shanghai,2015-2016

目的了解上海地区白纹伊蚊幼虫季节消长及其抗性水平分布,为杀虫剂的合理选择与使用提供科学依据。方法白纹伊蚊幼虫调查采用布雷图指数法和诱蚊诱卵器法,分别于2015-2016年在居民区、绿化地带、公共场所室内以及机关单位等进行监测,每月1次;幼虫抗性测定采用WHO推荐的幼虫浸渍法。结果上海地区白纹伊蚊幼虫布雷图指数和诱蚊诱卵器指数季节消长呈单峰趋势,6-7月为密度高峰期。2015、2016年布雷图指数最高分别为8.43和6.18;诱蚊诱卵器指数最高分别为10.72和6.60。上海市各区(县)白纹伊蚊幼虫对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯产生中高抗性,其中普陀区对这2种药剂的抗性倍数最高,分别达77.00和81.00倍;对残杀威产生中等抗性,对双硫磷产生中低抗性。结论应加强对白纹伊蚊幼虫密度及抗药性监测,合理选用、使用杀虫剂,减缓抗性产生,提高防治效果。

Objective To understand the seasonal dynamics of Aedes albopictus larvae and their insecticides resistance distribution in Shanghai and provide science evidence for rational application of insecticides. Methods Density of Ae. albopictus larvae was surveyed by Breteau index （BI） method and Mosquito and oviposition positive index （MOI） method in residential areas, green areas, indoors of public areas and other institutions once a month. Larvae resistance was tested by dipping method recommended by WHO. Results Aedes albopictus had one peak in Shanghai in 2015-2016, and the peak was from June to July. The highest BIs were 6.50 and 6.18 in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The highest MOIs were 10.72 and 6.60 in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The Ae. albopictus larvae showed medium to high resistance to Deltamethrin and beta Cypermethrin, and the highest resistance ratios were 77.00 and 81.00 in Putuo district respectively. Larvae developed low to medium resistance to propoxur, and low resistance to temephos. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen density and resistance surveillance of Ae. albopictus, and choose insecticides reasonably to delay the development of insecticide resistance and improve control efficacy.