云南省2005-2014年斑疹伤寒流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of typhus in Yunnan province, China in 2005-2014

目的了解云南省斑疹伤寒流行病学特征,为其预防控制提供科学依据。方法收集云南省2005-2014年斑疹伤寒疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法和SPSS 16.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 2005-2014年全省累计报告斑疹伤寒病例10 712例,无死亡病例,年平均发病率为2.34/10万;发病波及全省106个县(市、区),其中西双版纳州年平均发病率为全省最高,达76.56/10万,累计发病数占全省总病例数的77.03%,不同地区年平均发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=2.603,P<0.05);主要发病于夏秋季(6-11月),占总病例数的65.52%;30~岁年龄组累计发病数最多,占总病例数的18.51%;男女性发病比为1∶1.44;农民发病数最多,占总病例数的57.21%;每年不同职业人群发病数差异有统计学意义(χ~2=3.280,P<0.05)。结论云南省斑疹伤寒发病以散发为主,主要集中在西双版纳州,应对该地区进行重点防控。

Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of typhus, in order to provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of this disease. Methods The incidence data of typhus were collected from Disease Reporting Information System in Yunnan province in 2005-2014, and descriptive epidemiological analysis and SPSS 16.0 software were conducted on the data. Results A total of 10 712 typhus cases distributed in 106 counties （districts） of Yunnan province with an average incidence of 2.34/100 000 from 2005 to 2014, including 0 deaths. Among them, 77.03% of the cases were from Xishuangbanna prefecture with the highest incidence of 76.56/100 000 in the province. There were statistical significances among the incidence of different areas （X2=2.603, P〈0.05）. Of these patients, 65.52% of the cases occurred in summer-autumn seasons （from June to November）, 18.51% were in the group of patients aged 30-39, proportion of male and female was I ： 1.44, 57.21% were farmers. There were statistical significances among the annual incidence of different occupational groups （ X2=3.280, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Typhus cases in Yunnan province were mainly sporadic and primarily concentrated in Xishuangbanna prefecture, so the prevention and control measure in the key areas should be strengthened.