六安市2011—2015年发热伴血小板减少综合征监测结果

Surveillance of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Lu'an,2011-2015

目的分析六安市发热伴血小板减少综合征流行病学特征,为及时采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法,分析《中国疾病预防控制系统》中2011年1月1日—2015年12月31日报告的现住址为六安市的发热伴血小板综合病例的三间分布、聚集性疫情、死亡病例、暴露史和就诊情况特征。结果 5年间累计报告病例186例,死亡9例,病死率为4.8%,发病率呈现逐年上升趋势。发病主要集中在50~70岁年龄组,5—9月为高发季节。<50岁人群报告发病率(0.80/10万)低于≥50岁人群(10.18/10万),两组人群发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。金寨县和霍山县是高发地区,发病率分别为3.3/10万和2.2/10万。聚集性疫情流行病学调查敏感性低,病例多次就诊现象普遍。死亡病例中,男性6例,女性3例,年龄中位数为67岁(范围48~77岁)。57例个案中,明确有蜱虫叮咬的占12.3%(7/57),首次在村卫生室就诊的占40.4%(23/57)。结论六安市发热伴血小板减少综合征逐年增加,可能自然疫源地已形成,50岁以上农民为重点人群。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Lu＇an City,so as to provide the evidence for carrying out the interventions immediately.Methods The data of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases in Lu＇an City from January 1,2011 to December 31,2015 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control System and these data including the characteristics of epidemiology distribution,clustering outbreaks,deaths,exposure history,and visiting clinic history were analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 186 cases were reported in the past five years,and 9 cases were dead,with the fatality rate of 4.8%.The incidence of the disease showed a rising trend year by year.The main cases concentrated in the 50-70 years age groups,and the peak season was from May to September.The morbidity（0.80/105）in the50 years groups was lower than that in the50 years groups（10.18/105）（P0.001）.The higher incidence rates were found in Jinzhai County（3.3/105）and Huoshan County（2.2/105）.The clustering outbreak epidemiological investigation sensitivity was low,and the patients commonly visited the clinics for many times.Among the 9 deaths,6 were male and 3 were female,with a median age of 67 years（48-77 years）.Of the 57 cases,7 had a confirmed tick-bite history（7/57,12.3%）,and 23 patients visited the village clinics at the first（23/57,40.4%）.Conclusions Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases increase year by year in Lu＇an City,which means the natural foci might have formed,Therefore,we should focus on the population of farms aged 50 years and over,and adopt the effective interventions.