城镇化进程中的农民工就业与制度变迁

Migrant Workers' Employment and Institutional Change in the Process of Urbanization

新生代农民工已不断成为我国农民工的主力军,也是我国新型城镇化建设中的一支重要力量。但是,目前我国新生代农民工的就业状况与市民相比仍不够理想,重点表现在收入不高、就业维权难度大等方面,而我国现行的体制、新生代农民工自身的就业能力和心理承受力、城镇承载力等都是约束新生代农民工就业的重要瓶颈。因此,必须通过积极的制度改革,不断破解这些瓶颈约束。要构建就业平等的社会管理体系,完善新生代农民工的就业保障系统,并努力创新就业培训和咨询机制,提升新生代农民工的适应能力,使他们更好地融入到城镇中。

The new generation of migrant workers has become the main force of migrant workers in our country, and it is also an important part of the new urbanization. However, at present, their employment condition is still far from ideal compared with the citizens, which is mainly reflected by less income and huge difficulty in protecting their employment rights. The current system, the new-generation migrant workers＇ own skills and psychological quality, and urban bearing capacity are all the important bottlenecks hindering the employment of the new generation of migrant workers. Therefore, we must adopt a positive institutional reform, and constantly break these bottlenecks. We should build a social management system of equal employment and improve the employment guarantee system for the new generation of migrant workers, and strive to innovate the employment training and consultation mechanism to enhance their adaptability so that they can better become Dart of the towns.