大庆地区老年人对骨质疏松症的认知程度及患病率调查

Investigation on the knowledge level and prevalence rate of osteoporosis in elderly people in Daqing area

目的调查大庆地区60岁以上老年人对骨质疏松的认知情况及骨质疏松患病率。方法对来我院就诊的361名60岁以上患者进行骨质疏松危险因素问卷调查,并行骨密度检查。骨密度检查采用美国GE公司生产的Luner Prodigy Advance型骨密度仪,检测受试者腰椎和股骨颈骨密度。将361例检测结果按不同性别每5岁为一年龄组,应用SPSS19.0软件统计分析骨密度测量指标及骨质疏松患病率。结果大庆地区60岁以上老年人对于骨质疏松危险因素的知晓率由高到低依次是钙饮食少或素食40.2%,长期使用激素34.9%,光照少29.9%,运动少25.5%,吸烟16.1%,饮酒15.5%,身体瘦小7.2%,骨质疏松家族史6.1%,肝肾功能不全4.2%,器官移植1.4%,绝经后或绝经过早1.1%。60~64岁年龄段男性骨质疏松症发生率为15.2%,女性为28.3%;65~69岁年龄段男性骨质疏松发生率为26.7%,女性为29.4%;70~74岁年龄段男性骨质疏松发生率为25.0%,女性为44.4%;75~79岁年龄段男性骨质疏松发生率为36.4%,女性为77.8%;80岁以上男性骨质疏松发生率为66.7%,女性为83.3%。结论大庆地区60岁以上人群对于骨质疏松危险因素的知晓率较低,骨质疏松患病率较高,提醒广大医务工作者应广泛开展骨质疏松健康教育。

Objective To investigating the knowledge level of osteoporosis in older people aged over 60 years in Daqing,and to study the prevalence of osteoporosis in this population. Methods 361 participants aged over 60 years had bone mineral density（ BMD） measured and were investigated by questionnaire. BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured using Lunar Prodigy Advance bone densitometer（ GE Healthcare Corporation,USA）. Subjects were grouped into different groups based on sex and age（ 5 years per group）. Bone mineral density and osteoporosis（ OP） prevalence rate were analyzed using SPSS19. 0. Results In older people aged over 60 years living in Daqing region,knowledge on risk factors for osteoporosis from high to lowwas40. 2% for lowcalcium diet or vegetarian（ don＇t eat meat）,34. 9% for long-term use of steroids,29. 9% for inadequate sunlight exposure,25. 5% for lowphysical activity,16. 1% for smoking,15. 5% for drinking alcohol,7. 2% for lowbody weight,6. 1%for family history of osteoporosis,4. 2% for impaired liver and kidney function,1. 4% for organ transplantation and 1. 1% for menopause or premature menopause. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 15. 2% in male,and 28. 3% in female in the 60-64 years age group; 26. 7% in male,and 29. 4% in female in the 65-69 years age group; 25. 0% in male,and 44. 4% in female in the 70-74 years age group; 36. 4% in male,and 77. 8% in female in the 75-79 years age group; 66. 7% in male,and 83. 3% in female in the over 80 years age group. Conclusion The awareness for risk factors of osteoporosis in those aged over 60 years in Daqing area was low. The osteoporosis prevalence rate in older people aged over 60 years in Daqing is high. Ourresult indicate that osteoporosis education is necessary.