国家机构现代化视角下之监察体制改革——以香港廉政公署为借鉴

A Study on the Reform of Administrative Supervision from the Perspective of the Modernization of the Organization:Taking Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Corruption As an Example

近年来,内地监察体制改革的过程中面临着组织建制的有效性以及对组织机构的制约等关键问题。一方面,香港廉政公署的组织建制实现曾为很多国家的反贪腐机制提供了可参考的模式;另一方面,廉政公署权力的扩张性行使也引发公众对其权力监督的关注。廉政公署的监督机制可以分为委员会监督、立法会监督、行政监督和司法监督等多种类型,各机制之间互相配合、协调,对廉政公署权力行使起到了有效的制衡。廉政公署的运行经验以及多层次、多主体的联动监督机制对内地监察体制改革具有一定的借鉴意义。

In recent years, how to establish the Committee of Supervision and how to monitor its powers are at the core of discussion. On the one hand, the success of the ICAC of the HKSAR established an ideal model of an anti-corruption mechanism for many countries. On the other hand, its inappropriately expansive powers drew the attention from the public. The mechanism of supervision on the ICAC could be divided into three types: the supervision by the Committees and by the Legislative Council, administrative supervisionand the supervision by the courts. These different mechanisms of supervision on the ICAC overlap, interweave, supplement each other, together as the tool of balancing the strong powers of the ICAC in Hong Kong regime. This could give some suggestion on the establishment of the Supervision Committee in China's Mainland in the future.