基于“生物-心理-社会”一体化的照护模式护理 老年肺结核患者的效果观察

Observation on the effect of ＂biological-psychological-social＂ integrated care model on the elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

目的 探讨基于＂生物-心理-社会＂一体化的照护模式护理老年肺结核患者的临床效果.方法 将2014年8月-2016年2月收治的88例老年肺结核患者,以随机数字表分为研究组和对照组各44例.其中对照组以传统的护理干预措施为主,而研究组则在传统护理的基础上引入基于＂生物-心理-社会＂一体化的照护模式.两组患者均于干预前及干预后第6周末来院接受焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和生存质量评估量表（WHOQOL-BREF）测评.结果 两组患者在干预前的SAS和SDS评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;干预后,研究组SAS和SDS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组患者在干预后的SAS和SDS评分相较于干预前均有所下降,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.两组患者在干预前的生存质量评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;干预后,研究组在生理领域、心理领域、社会关系及环境领域方面的评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 对于肺结核老年患者,引入以＂生物-心理-社会＂一体化的照护理念,有助于减轻患者焦虑、抑郁等悲观情感,有效提高患者的生存质量,达到较为可观的临床效益.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of the ＂biological-psychological-social＂ integration care model of elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods A total of 88 cases of elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted from August 2014 to February 2016 were chosen and divided into study group and control group,44 cases in each group.The control group was treated mainly based on traditional nursing interventions,while the study group was treated by the ＂biological-psychological-social＂ integration model based on the traditional nursing care model.The patients of the two groups were both accepted the Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）,Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） and Quality of Life Assessment Scale （WHOQOL-BREF） evaluation 6 weeks before and after the intervention.Results There was no statistical significance in terms of the differences of SAS and SDS score of the patients of the two groups before the intervention （P〉0.05）. After the intervention,the SAS and SDS scores of the study group were significantly lower than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant （P〈 0.05）.The SAS and SDS scores of the two groups after intervention were decreased compared with that before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant （P〈 0.05）.There was no statistical significance in terms of the differences of score of quality of life of the two groups before the intervention （P〉0.05）.After the intervention,the score of the field of physiological,psychological,social and environmental fields of the study group were higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant （P〈 0.05）.Conclusions The introduction of the biological-psychological-social integration concept of nursing for the elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis can help to relieve the anxiety,depression and other negative emotions,and can effectively improve the patients＇ quality of life,achieve more substantial clinical benefit.