一种复合季铵盐消毒剂的性能评价

Study on disinfection performance of a compound quaternary ammonium salt

目的评价一种以六亚甲基四胺和苯扎溴铵为主的复方消毒液的消毒性能,为实际应用提供依据。方法根据《消毒技术规范》,采用理化分析、定量杀菌试验、现场试验、无菌实验、腐蚀性实验和动物试验方法,观察评价该消毒液的性能。结果该消毒液含0.26%六亚甲基四胺和0.091%苯扎溴铵,37℃保温90 d后,两种有效成分下降率分别为3.85%和7.69%,性能稳定。消毒液原液对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌杀灭对数值均>5.00;作用0.5 min对白色念珠菌的杀灭对数值均>4.00。用该消毒液消毒手皮肤1.0 min、桌面2.0 min、织物5.0 min的杀灭对数值均值>1.00。该消毒液的无菌实验结果为无菌生长。对不锈钢、铝和铜基本无腐蚀,对碳钢中度腐蚀。消毒液中铅、砷、汞的含量均未超标。动物实验结果显示,该消毒剂属实际无毒级,对皮肤、粘膜均无刺激性。结论该复合季铵盐消毒液对细菌繁殖体和真菌具有快速杀灭效果,无毒、无粘膜刺激性及致突变作用,性能稳定,可应用于医疗卫生行业的皮肤、物体表面和织物的消毒。

Objective To evaluate the disinfection performance of a compound disinfectant solution consisting mainly of six methylene four amine and benzalkonium bromide,and to provide basis for practical application. Methods According to Technical Standard For disinfection,the compound quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant was tested by physical and chemical analysis,quantitative germicidal test,field test,asepsis test,corrosive test and animal test. Results The compound containing0. 26% hexamethylenetetramine and 0. 091% benzalkonium bromide was stored at 37 ℃ temperature for 90 d. Then the descending rate of hexamethylenetetramine and benzalkonium bromide decline rate was 3. 85% and 7. 69% respectively,which showed good stability. The average killing logarithm values of Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposed to the stock disinfectant for 0. 5 min were greater than 5. 00,that of Candida albicans was greater than 4. 00. The average killing logarithm values of natural hands bacteria on skin,on table surface,on the fabric exposed to the compound quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant for 1. 0 min,2. 0 min and 5. 0 min respectively were all greater than 1. 00. The result of sterility test for this compound quaternary ammonium salt was qualified. The compound had no corrosion to stainless steel,aluminum and copper,and had moderate corrosion to carbon steel. Results of physical and chemical analysis showed the compound quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant contained lead 〈5. 0 mg/kg,arsenic 〈1. 0mg/kg,mercury 〈0. 1mg/kg. The LD50 mouth acute toxicity of mice for this compound was 〉5 000 mg/（ kg·bw）,which belonged to innocuity class. The mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte micronucleus test was negative. In the subacute toxicity test through the mouth of male and female SD rats the biggest dose that causing no injurious effects was 1 000 mg/kg. The multiple skin irritation test,acute eye irritation test,vaginal mucous membrane irritation test,one time damaged skin irritation test results of the compound quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant on white rabbits were no stimulation. Conclusion The compound quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant has good germicidal effect on vegetative bacteria and fungi. It belongs to actually no toxicity class substance and has no irritation to the skin,vaginal mucosa and eyes,no mutagenic effect. It is a stable compound and can be widely applied in the disinfection of skin,objects surface,and fabric of medical and health industry.