南昌市口腔综合治疗台水路污染状况调查及干预效果分析

Investigation and intervention effect analysis of dental water system unit in Nanchang city

目的了解南昌市口腔综合治疗台水路污染状况,评价排水冲洗的效果。方法抽取17家医疗机构104台口腔综合治疗台,按使用频率分为常用组(A组)和不常用组(B组),每日晨开诊前取口腔综合治疗台排放不同水量后的手机水和三用枪水以及水源水,检测菌落总数。结果在1 768份水样中,三甲医院手机水、民营和三甲医院的三用枪水中菌落数最高,中位数分别为50 000 cfu/ml、10 000 cfu/ml。未排水时,A、B两组的手机水、三用枪水合格率分别为22.6%、35.7%和0%、5.0%;排水2 000 ml后,除B组手机用水合格率为95.0%外,其余均为100.0%。排水冲洗后,两组水样菌落数呈阶梯式下降(Z=2.0121、3.3786;P<0.05)。相同排水量后A组合格率均高于B组(χ2=35.054、19.760,P<0.01)。结论南昌市口腔综合治疗台水路污染严重,每日开诊前常规对口腔综合治疗台水路进行冲洗,以及对于不常用的口腔综合治疗台消毒处理等措施有利于保证水路的水质达标。

Objective To study the bacterial contamination of dental unit water lines,so as to evaluate the effect of draining and flushing on the number of bacterial colonies in Nanchang City. Methods 17 medical institutions were sampled,and the number of dental chair units was 104. Then the units were divided into common use group（ group A） and no common use group（ group B）,according to the using frequency. Before opening the clinic in the morning,water samples of handpiece,3-in-1 syringes and headwaters after different water draining of dental unit were sampled,and the total numbers of colony of them were detected. Results Among 1 768 water samples,the bacterial colony numbers of handpiece in the third level hospital,3-in-1 syringes water in the private clinic and the third class hospital were the highest,and the median of them were 50 000 cfu/ml and 10 000 cfu/ml respectively. After the handpiece and 3-in-1 syringes drained0 ml,the qualified rates of group A and group B were 22. 6% 、35. 7%（ A group） and 0% 、5%（ B group）. After drained2 000 ml,the qualified rate of water of 3-in-1 syringes in group was 95%,the others were 100. 0%. After draining,the bacterial colony number was decreased gradually（ Z = 2. 0121、3. 3786; P〈0. 05）. The qualified rate of bacterial colony number in group A was higher than that in group B in the same water drainage（ χ^2= 35. 054、19. 760,P〈 0. 01）. Conclusion The pollution of dental unit is serious in Nanchang City. So we can consider draining and flushing the dental water system unit before the opening of the clinic in the morning. But for the less commonly used dental unit,we need disinfection to ensure the water quality of the water.