论唐代文人入幕对其诗歌创作的影响——以高适入河西幕府为例

On the Influence of Serving in Shogunante upon the Poetry Creation of the Literati in Tang Dynasty——A Case Study of Gao Shi in Hexi Geshuhan Shogunate

文人入幕对文人的人文气韵及文学创作都将产生重要影响。高适是唐代诗人中位至通显者,入幕河西成了他文学创作的重要转折点。高适入河西幕府的时间,两唐书本传均未记载。从高适入幕河西的诗歌创作及其特质,可以判定其时间当在天宝十一载(752年)秋冬之际。高适入河西幕府使其诗歌风格和审美情趣都发生了显著的变化。在诗歌创作风格上,高适诗歌由原有的"悲壮"气韵转向"豪迈"风格;在审美情趣上,高适诗歌也由之前的"映像社会"转向"书写自然"。反观高适的河西边塞诗可见,入幕河西对高适诗歌创作的影响充分证明了清初诗论家叶燮《原诗》所谓"高七古为胜,时见沉雄,时见冲淡,不一色"之观点的正确性。

It had an important effect on literary spirit and creation of the literati if they began to serve in the shogunate. Gao Shi enjoyed the most prominent political position among the poets in Tang Dynasty. It became an important turning point to enter the Hexi Shogunate. No information about his entry time is written in the Biography of Gao Shi in the Old Book of Tang and the New Book of Tang. From Gao Shi＇ s poetry creation and characteristics in Hexi, we can judge that the time must be the late autumn in the eleventh year of Tianbao （752 AD）. Gao Shi＇ s new identity in the Hexi Shogunate fully changed his poetry style and aesthetic taste. In style, Gao Shi＇ s poems shifted from the original solemnity and stirring to a heroic style; in aesthetic taste, Gao Shi＇s poetry changed from ＂society expression＂ to ＂nature writing＂. Gao Shi＇ s frontier poems show that the influence of shogunate service upon Gao Shi＇ s poetry fully proves the correctness of the viewpoint of the poetic critic, Ye Xie in early Qing Dynasty, who stated in Originality of Poetry ＂Gao Shi＇ s seven - character poetry is wonderful with different styles, sometimes profound, sometimes modest. ＂