宜兴市某纺织厂职工膳食及健康状况调查

Survey on staff's dietary and health conditions of a textile factory in Yixing City

目的了解某纺织企业职工的健康状态,为纺织工人的健康管理和干预提供依据。方法对宜兴市某纺织厂212名职工进行膳食调查以及健康检查。结果调查对象膳食水果、鱼虾、蛋奶类摄入不足,油脂的摄入量过高,与参考摄入量相比较,膳食纤维、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素以及钙的摄入不足,而钠摄入过量;维生素C、维生素E和铁的摄入量达到膳食推荐摄入量水平,但维生素C的摄入量还未达到预防非传染性病的建议推荐量(PI)200g/d。人群超重率为34.4%,肥胖率为9.9%,血糖异常率为3.8%,血压异常率为34.0%,血脂异常率为28.8%。其中高胆固醇血症发生率为7.1%,高甘油三酯血症发生率为13.2%,高低密度脂蛋白血症发生率为2.4%,低高密度脂蛋白血症发生率为14.2%,男性和女性比较,在血脂、血压异常率,高胆固醇血症、高甘油三脂血症以及低高密度脂蛋白血症发生率上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且都是男性高于女性。结论该纺织厂职工膳食结构不尽合理,超重肥胖、血脂异常、血压升高是主要健康问题,应加强对该人群的健康营养教育,定期进行健康检查,加强体育锻炼,改善膳食结构。

Objective To understand the staff＇s health conditions in a textile enterprise in order to provide a basis for health management and intervention among textile workers.Methods Dietary survey and health examination were conducted for 212 employees of a textile factory in Yixing City.Results The respondents had inadequate intake of fruits,fish shrimp,and eggs milk,but the intake of oils was too high.According to the dietary reference intakes,the intakes of dietary fiber,vitamin A,thiamine,riboflavin and calcium were insufficient,while the intake of Na was excessive;the intakes of vitamin C,vitamin E and Fe reached the recommended nutrient intake level,but the intake of vitamin C did not reach the Proposed Intakes for Preventing Non-communicable Chronic Disease（PI）（200g/d）.The overweight rate of the group was 34.4%,the obesity rate was 9.9%,the abnormal rate of blood glucose was 3.8%,the abnormal rate of blood pressure was 34.0%,and the dyslipidemia rate was 28.8%.Among them,the occurrence rate of hypercholesteremia reached to 7.1%,the occurrence rate of hypertriglyceridemia was13.2%,the occurrence rate of high-level low density lipoprotein cholesterolemia reached to 2.4%,and the occurrence rate of low-level high density lipoprotein cholesterolemia was 14.2%.There were statistically significant differences between men and women in.Conclusions The staff＇s dietary structure in this textile factory is unreasonable,and overweight obesity,dyslipidemia and elevation of blood pressure are major health problems.Health and nutrition education for this group should be strengthened,health examination conducted at regular intervals,physical training intensified,and dietary structure improved.