2016-2017年揭阳市日用五金不锈钢行业噪声危害分级调查

Investigation on noise hazards grading in stainless steel industry producing the daily-hardware in Jieyang from 2016 to 2017

目的根据现场调查检测与职业健康检查结果,评估日用不锈钢行业职业危害程度,为行业监管提供参考建议。方法采用分层随机抽样法,对揭阳市不锈钢制品企业分层随机抽取32家企业进行现场调查检测,对接噪人员进行纯音听阈测试,汇总进行职业病危害作业分级。结果 32家日用五金不锈钢企业噪声危害关键控制点为生产过程中的剪切、压形、磨边、抛光等岗位;噪声检测合格率为21.0%;纯音听阈测试异常检出率为12.0%,与2015年(检出率10.5%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);压形和磨边岗位为中度危害作业,剪切和抛光岗位为高度危害作业。结论该市日用不锈钢行业噪声危害严重。应改进工艺过程,合理设置防护设施,以降低噪声危害。监管部门要加强监督,抓住关键环节,促使防噪降噪措施落实。

Objective To evaluate degree of occupational hazards from noise exposure in the stainless steel industry producing daily hardware and to provide constructive suggestions for supervision in the industry.Methods With the random stratified sampling method,a total of 32 enterprises in stainless steel industry were chosen randomly from different levels to be investigated and examined.Workers exposed to noise had sound hearing threshold test and the results were collected to grade the degree of the occupational hazards.Results The key control points of noise hazard in these 32 stainless steel enterprises were shearing,shape forming,edging,polishing and so on during the process of production.The qualified rate of the noise monitoring was 21.0%;The abnormal rate of sound hearing threshold test was accounted for 12.0%;Compared with the rate（10.5%）in 2015,there was statistical significance（P〈0.05）.And of all the above posts,the posts of shape forming and edging were graded as medium hazard while the posts of shearing and polishing are highly dangerous.Conclusions The noise hazards in stainless steel industry producing daily hardware in Jieyang are so severe that the process of the craft should be improved and protective facilities should be set up reasonably to reduce them.The supervision department should strengthen their supervision as well as grasp the crucial links to have the measures of noise prevention and reduction carried out.