有机肥替代氮肥的水稻产量效应研究

Yield Effect of Organic Manure as Substitution for Nitrogen Fertilizer in Rice

[目的]明确水稻生产上有机肥替代化学氮肥量。[方法]以常规化肥施用为对照,研究有机肥替代不同比例氮肥对水稻产量和经济效益的影响。[结果]有机肥替代100%化学氮肥处理水稻产量最低,较其他施肥处理减产2.3%~8.6%,常规施肥处理和有机肥替代20%化学氮肥处理产量相当,通过提高水稻产量构成中的有效穗数和穗实粒数来提高水稻产量,且随着有机肥替代化学氮肥量增加呈显著降低趋势。产值和纯收入以常规施肥最高,有机肥替代20%化学氮肥处理与其相当。[结论]综合水稻产量和经济效益结果,以有机肥替代20%化学氮肥处理施用效果最佳。

[ Objective ] To illuminate organic manure consumption as substitution for nitrogen fertilizer in rice production. [ Method ] To explore the effects of organic fertilizer as partial substitution for nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield and economic benefit of rice, a field experiment was conducted. [ Result] The treatment of organic fertilizer as substitution for 100% nitrogen fertilizer decreased the yield of rice by 2.3% to 8.6% , compared with else treatments. The yield of conventional fertilizer application was the highest and the yield was equivalent with organic fertilizer as substitution for 20% nitrogen fertilizer, which could increase the effective panicle number and grain number per spike. Economic benefit of conventional fertilizer application was the highest, and the output value and net income were equivalent with organic fertilizer as substitution for 20% nitrogen fertilizer. [ Conclusion] In general, the findings demonstrate that the effect of organic fertilizer as 20% substitution for nitrogen fertilizer was the most significant in this experiment, which could increase the yield and economic benefit of rice.