中国鹿类动物分类及系统进化研究进展

Research Progress on Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Deer in China

中国的鹿类资源十分丰富。过去国内外学者对鹿类动物的分类主要通过生物学特征和染色体核型进行研究。近年来,随着分子生物学技术及分子进化理论的快速发展,应用基因组(核、线粒体)对鹿类动物的研究逐渐开展起来,这在一定程度上对传统分类进行了修正和补充。由于传统分类易受主观和各种客观因素的限制(如难以获得足够数量和种类的标本),不同学者利用分子生物学分类使用的基因各不相同,因此,目前鹿类动物的分类和系统进化研究还存在着一些争议和不同的意见,如麝、狍、毛冠鹿等的归属仍没有统一定论,有关麝科、鹿科中亚科之间的系统进化关系还有待于进一步阐明。本文对中国鹿类动物分类和系统进化的研究进展进行综述,并提出展望,旨在为中国鹿类动物的分类及系统进化研究提供参考。

The resources of deer species are very rich in China. In the past, the classification of deer was mainly based on biological characteristics and chromosome karyotype. In recent years, with the development of molecular biology techniques and the theory of molecular evolution, the application of the genome（nuclear, mitochondrion） research of deer has been carried out, which partly modified and supplemented the traditional classification. The traditional classification is sub- ject to the limitation of subjective and objective factors such as insufficient numbers of specimens and species. Different researchers classify deer based on different genes in study. Therefore, many problems remain concerning the classification and evolution of China＇s deer, such as the taxonomy of musk deer, roe deer, and tufted deer, and the phylogeny of sub families of Moschidae and Cervidae. We reviewed the taxonomy and phylogeny of China＇s deer in this paper. This review will serve as a reference for future research of the taxonomy and phylogeny of China＇s deer.