中医治疗与护理干预对膝关节单髁置换术后患者膝关节功能的影响

Effect of Treatment and Nursing Intervention of Chinese Medicine on Knee Function of Patients after Unicompartment Knee Arthroplasty

目的 :观察中医治疗与护理干预对膝关节单髁置换术(UKA)后患者膝关节功能的影响。方法 :选取120例行UKA治疗的膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各60例。对照组予常规治疗和护理,观察组在对照组干预基础上采用中医治疗与护理干预,包括情志护理、拍打涌泉穴、四子散热熨及消肿止痛膏贴敷。观察2组不同时间膝关节疼痛评分和大腿腿围的变化,比较2组膝关节功能评分、膝关节最大屈曲角度和最大伸直角度。结果:术后24、48、72 h,观察组的膝关节疼痛评分均低于同期对照组(P<0.01)。术后48、72 h,观察组的大腿腿围均小于同期对照组(P<0.01)。术后第5天,观察组膝关节最大屈曲角度大于对照组(P<0.01),膝关节最大伸直角度小于对照组(P<0.01)。对照组术后第7天膝关节功能评分低于观察组(P<0.01)。结论:中医治疗与护理干预UKA术后患者,能有效改善膝关节功能。

Objective, To observe the effect of Chinese medicine treatment and nursing intervention on knee function of patients after unicompartment knee arthroplasty （UKA）. Methods： Selected 120 cases of knee osteoarthritis （KOA） patients received UKA, and divided them into the observation group and the control group randomly, 60 cases in each group. Both groups received routine treatment and nursing, while the observation group additionally received treatment and nursing intervention of Chinese medicine, including emotional nursing, tapping Yongquan point, blanching Sizi San and application of Xiaozhong Zhitong plaster. Observed changes of knee pain score and thigh circumference in both groups at different time, and compared the knee function score, maximum knee sprung angle and maximum knee extension angle in both groups. Results. At 24, 48 and 72 hours after operation, Knee pain scores in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group （P〈 0.01）. At 48 and 72 hours after operation, the thigh circumference in the observation group were both shorter than those in the control group （P〈0.01）. On the fifth day after operation, in the observation group, the maximum knee sprung angle was larger than that in the control group （P〈0.01）, while the maximum knee extension angle was smaller than that in the control group （P 〈 0.01）. The knee function scores in the control group on the seventh day after operation were lower than those in the observation group （P 〈0.01）. Conclusion Chinese medicine treatment and nursing intervention for patients after UKA can effectively improve the knee function.