1956—2015年我国春季气温时空变化特征分析

Analysis on Spatial and Temporal Change Characteristics of Spring Temperature in China

利用EOF方法对我国春季气温进行分析,结果表明,春季气温有4种典型分布,分别为"南北型""东西型""全国一致型""区域型",方差贡献率分别为43.1%、10.8%、9.7%、6.3%。"南北型"分布特征为气温由北低南高转变为北高南低;"东西型"分布特征表现为以2年为周期,从西至东气温的偏高与偏低交替出现;"全国一致型"分布特点为全国春季气温同步升高或降低且经历了2次突变;"区域型"主要体现在我国西部地区,西部春季气温南北反相振荡。

Using empirical orthogonal function, the spring temperature in China was analyzed. Results showed that there were 4 distribution types in China, such as ＇ North-South＇ type,＇ East-West＇ type, ＇ National Consensus＇ type, ＇ Regional＇ type,and the change contribution rates were 43.1%, 10.8% ,9.7% ,6.3% ,respectively. The temperature distribution characteristics of ＇North-South＇ type was that low in the north and high in the south firstly ,then reversed. In ＇East-West＇ type ,there was a cycle of 2 years ,the high and low temperature alternated from west to east. In ＇National Consensus＇ type,the temperature rose or dropped at the same time, and changed suddenly 2 times. In ＇Regional＇ type,the most obvious change was in the west, the temperature of the south and north reversing changed.