中澳自贸区内保障措施的实施:以WTO合规性为视角

Safeguard Measures under the China-Australia FTA:The WTO-Compatibility Perspective

中澳自贸协定自生效以来,双边贸易增长迅猛,由此导致实施保障措施的几率也在增加。多边贸易体制下如何在自贸区内实施双边和全球保障措施,有不同做法和合规性要求。GATT第24条并未明确授权或禁止在自贸区内实施双边保障措施,相关措施合规性风险也不大;但中澳一方若在实施全球保障措施时排除另外一方,则须符合《保障措施协议》相关条款和在争端解决实践中发展出来的"平行原则"等规则,否则其WTO合规性将受到质疑。

Since the Sino-Australia Free Trade Agreement came into force,the possibility of applying safeguard measures is also increasing along with the rapid growth of their bilateral trade. There are different approaches of applying bilateral and global safeguard measures in the FTAs,in addition to the WTO-compatibility requirements,under the multilateral trading system. GATT Article 24 neither entitles nor forbids applying the bilateral safeguard measures in the FTA context straightforwardly. However,requirements by the Safeguards Agreement as well as the‘parallelism principle＇as established in dispute settlements must be complied with when a party excluding its FTA partner from its application of global safeguards,otherwise its WTO-compatibility will be challenged.