海德格尔:哲学作为生命对历史的倾听

Heidegger:Philosophy as the Listening of Life to History

对哲学本身的质疑与追问构成海德格尔早期的首要任务。早期弗赖堡时期海德格尔对哲学的定义要达到的不是一种"本质",而是要回到任何理论、非理论的东西所出于斯的"源"——历史性的生命经验。无可否认的是,经由海德格尔早期的思想,现象学开始关注历史性的存在本身了,完成了现象学从"观看阶段"向"倾听阶段"的转变。倾听历史成为海德格尔哲学不变的方向,贯彻其思想的始终,但这种许诺如何兑现,恐怕是海德格尔及其继承与批判者共同的难题。

Heidegger＇s foremost task in his early period was to query and question philosophy itself.In his early period in Freiburg,Heidegger defined philosophy not to obtain an ＂essence＂,but to return to the origin of all theoretical and non-theoritical things—the historical life experience.It cannot be denied that through Heidegger＇s early thought Phenomenology began to be concerned about the historical existence itself and realized the transition from ＂watching stage＂to ＂listening stage＂.Listening to history has become the constant direction of Heidegger＇s philosophy that Heidegger would carry through his lifelong thinking.However,how to fulfill this kind of promise is probably a common problem for Heidegger and his successors and critics.