2011—2015年北京市昌平区食品及公共场所从业人员健康检查结果

Health examination results of employees in catering industry and public places in Changping District of Beijing from 2011-2015

目的了解北京市昌平区食品及公共场所从业人员传染病(痢疾、伤寒、病毒性肝炎、活动性肺结核、化脓性或渗出性皮肤病)检出情况,为卫生监督部门对食品与公共场所的管理提供依据。方法收集2011—2015年昌平区健康检查资料进行动态分析。结果 2011—2015年在昌平区疾病预防控制中心进行健康检查的食品、公共场所从业人员共461 235人,其中女性281 978人,占61.14%;食品卫生从业人员357 086人,占77.42%。传染病检出率较低(0.081%)呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=85.96,P<0.01)。甲型病毒性肝炎、戊型病毒性肝炎检出率呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ_(甲肝)~2=21.06,χ_(戊肝)~2=19.46,均P<0.01);活动性肺结核病的检出率由2011年的0.067%逐步递减至2015年的0.019%,呈下降趋势(χ~2=180.43,P<0.01);而肠道病(伤寒、痢疾)、化脓性或渗出性皮肤病的检出率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 2011—2015年北京市昌平区食品及公共场所从业人员女性居多,传染病总检出率较低。今后除继续做好每年的健康检查外,还应加强卫生知识宣传和培训,提高从业人员防病意识。

[Objective] To understand the detection rates of infectious diseases（dysentery,typhoid fever,viral hepatitis,active pulmonary tuberculosis,purulent or exudative skin diseases）among employees in catering industry and public places in Changping District of Beijing,provide the basis for hygiene supervision department to manage the catering industry and public places. [Methods]The health examination data in Changping District from 2011-2015 were dynamically analyzed. [Results]Totally 461 235 employees in catering industry and public places have received the health examination in Changping Center for Disease Control and Prevention from2011-2015,and there were 281 978 female employees and 357 086 food and health practitioners,which accounted for 61.14% and 77.42%respectively. The detection rate of infectious diseases was low（0.081%）and showed a downward trend year by year,and the difference was statistically significant（χ~2=85.96,P0.01）. The detection rates of hepatitis A and hepatitis E showed an upward trend year by year,and the differences werestatistically significant（χ_（hepatitis）~2 A=21.06,χ_（hepatitis）~2 E=19.46,both P0.01）. The detection rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis decreased from 0.067% in 2011 to 0.019% in 2015,with a downward trend（χ~2=180.43,P0.01）. There were not statistically significant differences in the detection rate of intestinal disease（typhoid and dysentery）and purulent or exudative skin diseases（all P〉0.05）.[Conclusion]Most of employees in catering industry and public places in Changping District of Beijing are female from 2011-2015,and the total detection rate of infectious diseases is low. In future,it is necessary to continue to carry out the annual health examination,and strengthen the publicity and training of health knowledge,to improve the disease prevention consciousness in employees.