2014年安徽省设计日供水千吨以上供水单位卫生及水质状况

Water quality and hygienic condition of centralized water supply companies with design capacity more than 1 000m^3/d in Anhui Province in 2014

目的了解安徽省设计日供水千吨以上集中式供水单位卫生状况及水质情况,为加强饮用水监管提供科学依据。方法以全省范围内设计日供水千吨以上集中式供水单位为调查对象,了解供水规模、卫生状况、水质情况等信息。结果调查的918家供水单位中,4.8%(44/918)无任何处理工艺,9.6%(88/918)无卫生许可证,39.7%(364/918)无水质检测实验室。城市与农村供水单位在水质检测实验室配备上差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15.369,P<0.01),城市与农村供水单位中,不同供水能力(1 000~9 999 t/d)与(≥10 000 t/d)的供水单位,在水质检测实验室配备上差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。检测1 796份水样,合格1 132份,合格率为63.0%,城市水样合格率(71.5%)高于农村(60.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=16.578,P<0.01);枯水期水质合格率高于丰水期,两者合格率之间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10.245,P<0.01),不合格指标以微生物为主。结论安徽省设计日供水千吨以上集中式供水单位卫生状况总体较好,但仍有部分供水单位存在无水处理措施、无消毒设施、无水质检测实验室等情况。应加强对此类供水单位监督检查,督促供水单位落实卫生管理措施,排除卫生安全隐患,保障饮用水卫生安全。

[Objective]To know the water quality and hygienic condition of centralized water supply companies with the design capacity more than 1 000 m^3/d in Anhui Province,provide scientific basis for strengthening the regulation of drinking water.[Methods]The centralized water supply companies with the design capacity more than 1 000 m^3/d in Anhui Province were investigate to obtain the data of water supply scale,hygienic condition and water quality.[Results]Among 918 centralized water supply companies,4.8%（44/918） had no treatment process,9.6%（88/918） had no hygienic certificates,and 39.7%（364/918）had no water testing laboratory. The difference in water testing laboratory was statistically significant between urban and rural water supply companies（χ~2 =15.369,P 0.01）,while there was statistically significant difference in water testing laboratory between companies with water supply capacity of 1 000~9 999 t/d and ≥10 000 t/d（P〈0.01）. A total of 1 796 water samples were tested,and the qualified rate was 63.0%（1 132/1 796）. The qualified rate of urban water samples（71.5%）was higher than that of rural water samples（60.5%）,and the difference was statistically significant（χ~2=16.578,P〈0.01）. The qualified rate of dry season was higher than that of wet season,and the difference was statistically significant（χ~2 =10.245,P 0.01）. The main unqualified indicator was microorganism.[Conclusion] The hygienic condition of centralized water supply companies with the design capacity more than 1 000 m^3/d in Anhui Province is generally satisfactory,but there still is a lack of water treatment measures,disinfection facilities and water testing laboratory in some companies. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision and inspection in these water supply companies,and urge the water supply companies to implement health management measures,eliminate health hidden danger,to ensure the safety and health of drinking water.