垃圾渗滤液及膜滤浓缩液生物毒性研究

Determination of Acute Toxicity of Landfill Leachate and Membrane Filtration Concentrates

目的探究渗滤液及膜滤浓缩液生物毒性,找出溶解性有机物组分变化对生物毒性产生的影响规律.方法实验采用卤虫作为试验生物,测定垃圾渗滤液及浓缩液对受试生物的24 h,96 h的10%致死浓度LC10及半致死浓度LC50.通过离子交换的方式去除氨氮与重金属,进而研究渗滤液中有机物的生物毒性.结果渗滤液、纳滤浓缩液及反渗透浓缩液24h-LC50的稀释度分别为17.74%、66.99%、89.33%.渗滤液及纳滤浓缩液中溶解性有机物24h-LC50的稀释度分别为70.15%、77.98%.渗滤液及浓缩液中亲水性有机物ρ(96h-LC50)分别为332.06 mg/L、504.1 mg/L.结论渗滤液生物毒性最强,浓缩液中腐殖酸组分明显提高,亲水性有机物组分毒性有所下降.

Leachate and concentrates from landfill of Laohuchong Shenyang were selected to determine the toxicity. And the effects of dissolve organic matter on acute toxicity were discussed. Bioassays were conducted recording toxicity against Artimia salina as median lethal concentrations（ LC10 and LC50value） after 24 h and 96 h exposure. To increase the selectivity of organic matters in the measurements,the fractionation was done by using ion exchange to separate ammonium/ammonia and metal ions from wastewater. The results showthat the 24h-LC50 lethality value of landfill leachate,nanofiltration concentrates and reverse osmosis concentrates were 17. 74%,66. 99%and 89. 33% respectively,which mean landfill leachate being the most toxicity one. It was found that there was a significant contribution to the acute toxicity emanated form the dissolve organic matter components in the landfill leachate. 24h-LC50 lethality value of dissolve organic matter from leachate and NF concentrate were 70. 15% and 77. 98% respectively. ρ（ 96h-LC50） of hydrophilic from leachate and nanofiltration concentrate were 322. 06 mg/L and 504. 1 mg/L. The o-verall performance of concentration profile and toxicity in landfill leachalte and NF concentrates was that humic substance significantly increased but the acute toxicity of hydrophilic components declined.