F型小麦不育系育性与杂种优势研究

Study on Fertility and Heterosis of F Type Wheat Male Sterile Lines

F型小麦雄性不育系是山西省选育的新型小麦不育系。为研究F型不育系的生态适应性和选育强恢复系,采用分期播种和花粉粒染色方法研究了育性表现,同时利用380个小麦品种(系)作父本,配制杂交组合,测定其育性恢复性及杂种优势。结果表明,F型小麦雄性不育系育性受品系、播期影响,即使是相同的品系单株之间、相同单株不同分蘖间育性也有一定差异。F型不育系恢复源广,具有易恢复性。以晋麦47、临汾615,太5293、晋太182、晋太170、太629-8、扬麦12、太113、小凡12、普冰701、轮选1697、航麦247、济南17、太712以及14F54921-38,4522,15品43和V89作亲本配制的18个组合表现育性恢复度高,具有较明显的杂种优势。

F-type wheat male sterile line was a newmale sterile line bred in Shanxi province. To study the ecological adaptability of F-type male sterile lines and the strong resilience of breeding, the fertility performance was studied by the method of stage planting and pollination. 380 wheat varieties（lines）were crossed with F-type wheat male sterile line to develope F_1 hybrids. The fertility and heterosis of F_1 hybrids was investigated. The results showed that there were some differences in the same tillering ability of F-type wheat male sterile lines, fertility affected by cultivars and sowing date, even between the same strains. F-type male sterile was restorer wide source,and has the advantages of easy recovery. 18 parents of Jinmai 47, Jinan 17, Linfen 615, Jintai 182, Jintai 170, Tai 629-8, Yangmai 12,Tai 113, Xiaofan 12, Pubing 701, Lunxuan 1697,Hangmai 247, Tai 5293, 15 Pin 43, 14F54921-38, Tai 712,4522 and V89 with fertility restoration and showed high degree of heterosis, with a the obvious.